Table of Contents
Electricity sector in India at a Glance
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| India’s Rank in Global Electricity Production | 3rd largest producer in the world |
| Total Electricity Generation (FY 2023–24) | 1,949 TWh |
| Per Capita Electricity Generation (FY 2023–24) | 1,395 kWh |
| Installed Capacity (30.06.2024) | 446.0 GW |
| Renewable Energy Contribution | Three-quarters of the total generation |
| Carbon Intensity of Electricity Generation | 713 gCO2/kWh Global average (480 gCO2/kWh) |
| Expected Non-Fossil Fuel Contribution (2029-30) | 44.7% of total gross electricity generation |
| Electricity Coverage (31 March 2019) | 99.94% |
| GHG Emissions from Electricity (2018) | 2,309.98 million metric tons of CO2 |
| Sector-wise Consumption (FY 2022) | Residential: 25.77%, Industrial: 41.16%, Agriculture: 17.67%, Commercial: 8.29%, Traction: 1.53% |
| Private Sector’s Share in Generation (FY 2020) | 33.46% |
Total Installed Capacity
Here’s a detailed summary of India’s total installed electricity generation capacity as of 30 June 2024, based on the data provided:
Installed Generation Capacity (Sector-wise) as of 30.06.2024
| Sector | Installed Generation Capacity (MW) | % Share in Total |
|---|---|---|
| Central Sector | 1,04,453 | 23.4% |
| State Sector | 1,07,671 | 24.1% |
| Private Sector | 2,34,065 | 52.5% |
| Total Installed Capacity | 4,46,190 | 100% |
Installed Generation Capacity (Fuel-wise) as of 30.06.2024
| Category | Installed Generation Capacity (MW) | % Share in Total |
|---|---|---|
| Fossil Fuel | ||
| – Coal | 2,10,970 | 47.3% |
| – Lignite | 6,620 | 1.5% |
| – Gas | 24,818 | 5.6% |
| – Diesel | 589 | 0.1% |
| Total Fossil Fuel | 2,42,997 | 54.5% |
| Non-Fossil Fuel | ||
| – Renewable Energy Sources (RES) | 1,95,013 | 43.7% |
| — Hydro | 46,928 | 10.5% |
| — Wind, Solar & Other RE | 1,48,085 | 33.2% |
| — Wind | 46,656 | 10.5% |
| — Solar | 85,474 | 19.2% |
| — Biomass Power/Cogeneration | 10,355 | 2.3% |
| — Waste to Energy | 593 | 0.1% |
| — Small Hydro Power | 5,005 | 1.1% |
| – Nuclear | 8,180 | 1.8% |
| Total Non-Fossil Fuel | 2,03,193 | 45.5% |
| Total Installed Capacity | 4,46,190 | 100% |
Electricity Act of 2003
The Electricity Act, of 2003, is a landmark legislation in India’s power sector, aimed at reforming and modernizing the industry.
| Aspect | Details |
|---|---|
| Enactment and Commencement | Enacted and came into force on 15 June 2003 |
| Objective | Introduce competition, protect consumer interests, and ensure power for all |
| Key Provisions | National Electricity Policy: Framework for overall development of the electricity sector, including generation, transmission, and distribution. Rural Electrification: Emphasis on expanding electricity access to rural areas. Open Access in Transmission: Allows non-discriminatory access to the transmission network for all entities. Phased Open Access in Distribution: Gradual introduction of open access in electricity distribution. Mandatory State Electricity Regulatory Commissions (SERCs): Establishes independent regulators in each state to oversee the sector. License-Free Generation and Distribution: Certain entities can generate and distribute electricity without needing a license. Power Trading: Legalizes trading of electricity, promoting a market-based approach. Mandatory Metering: Requires installation of meters for all consumers to ensure accurate billing and prevent theft. Stringent Penalties for Theft: Imposes heavy penalties for electricity theft to reduce losses. |
| Goal | Promote commercial growth and ensure harmonious coordination between States and the Centre |
History of Electricity generation
| Event/Development | Details |
|---|---|
| First Electric Light Demonstration in India | Conducted on 24 July 1879 in Calcutta (now Kolkata) by P.W. Fleury & Co. |
| Electric Light Introduction in Bombay (Mumbai) | Cochin International Airport became fully solar-powered on 18 August 2015 with the inauguration of the CIAL Solar Power Project |
| First Hydroelectric Installation | Installed in 1897 near a tea estate at Sidrapong for the Darjeeling Municipality |
| First Electric Street Light in Asia | Lit on 5 August 1905 in Bangalore |
| First Electric Train in India | Ran on 3 February 1925 on the Harbour Line between Bombay’s Chhatrapati Shivaji Maharaj Terminus (Victoria Terminus) and Kurla |
| First High-Voltage Laboratory in India | Established in 1947 at the Government Engineering College, Jabalpur |
| World’s First Fully Solar-Powered Airport | The First Electric Street Light in Asia |
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