Table of Contents
Introduction: The Union and Its Territory
The Constitution of India lays down the foundation of the nation, including its structure as a Union of States. Understanding the principles behind the formation of States and Union territories is essential to comprehend India’s political landscape.
Here, we break down key provisions related to the name and territory of the Union, admission of new States, and the process of forming and altering States.
Articles
| 1 | Name and territory of the Union |
| 2 | Admission or establishment of new States |
| 3 | Formation of new States and alteration of areas, boundaries or names of existing States |
| 4 | Laws made under articles 2 and 3 to provide for the amendment of the First and the Fourth Schedules and supplemental, incidental and consequential matters |
- Name and Territory of the Union:
- India, officially named Bharat, is a Union of States.
- The Constitution specifies that the States and their territories are outlined in the First Schedule.
- The territory of India encompasses the territories of the States, Union territories listed in the First Schedule, and any other territories that may be acquired.
- Admission or Establishment of New States:
- Parliament holds the authority to admit new States into the Union or establish new States based on terms and conditions it deems appropriate. This provision allows for flexibility in the creation of new administrative units within the country.
- Formation of New States and Alteration of Boundaries:
- Parliament is empowered to enact laws for various purposes related to State formation. This includes –
- forming new States by separating territory from existing States,
- uniting two or more States, altering boundaries,
- increasing or diminishing State areas, and
- changing State names.
- However, any such changes require the President’s recommendation and may involve consultation with the affected State’s Legislature.
- Parliament is empowered to enact laws for various purposes related to State formation. This includes –
- Amendment of Schedules and Supplementary Provisions:
- Laws enacted under Articles 2 and 3 of the Constitution may include provisions for amending the First and Fourth Schedules, which outline the States and Union territories. Additionally, such laws may contain supplementary, incidental, and consequential provisions as deemed necessary by Parliament.
- It’s important to note that these laws are not considered amendments to the Constitution under Article 368.
What does “The Union and Its Territory” refer to in the Indian Constitution?
“The Union and Its Territory” in the Indian Constitution refers to the first part that outlines the structure of the Indian Union, including the States and Union territories.
What are the key components of the Union as outlined in Part I of the Constitution?
The key components of the Union include the States, Union territories, and any other territories that may be acquired by India.
How are States and Union territories defined and specified in the First Schedule?
States and Union territories are defined and specified in the First Schedule of the Constitution.
Can Parliament admit new States into the Union? If so, what are the conditions?
Yes, Parliament has the authority to admit new States into the Union or establish new States on terms and conditions it deems fit.
What powers does Parliament have regarding the formation of new States and alteration of boundaries?
Parliament can form new States by separating territory from existing States, uniting two or more States, altering boundaries, increasing or diminishing State areas, and changing State names.